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DraconiticBiochemistryBiomolecules · Catabolism · Biosynthesis · MetabolismMap
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Steroid metabolism

Interconversion of cholesterol-derived steroid frameworks across mitochondrial, endoplasmic-reticulum and cytosolic reactions. 245 reactions, from Reactome R-HSA-8957322.

  1. Corticosteroids bind to CBG in bloodSERPINA6 + Corticosteroids → CBG:Corticosteroids
  2. Cytosolic cholate and chenodeoxycholate are conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A5 BACS)CCA,CDCA + ATP + CoA-SH → choloyl-CoA; chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + AMP + PPi + H2O
  3. Cytosolic chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA or choloyl-CoA are conjugated with glycine or taurinecholoyl-CoA; chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + Gly, TAU → bile salts + CoA-SH
  4. ARSC hydrolyzes steroid sulfatesH2O + steroid sulfate → SO4(2-) + steroid
  5. Expression of Isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase 1 (IDI1)IDI1 gene → IDI1
  6. Expression of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase (FDPS)FDPS gene → FDPS
  7. SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP binds CopII Coat Complex4 SAR1B:GTP:SEC23:SEC24 + SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP → SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP:Cop II Coat
  8. Expression of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A Reductase (HMGCR)HMGCR gene → HMGCR-1
  9. Expression of 7-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase (DHCR7)DHCR7 gene → DHCR7
  10. Expression of Lanosterol Synthase (LSS)LSS gene → LSS
  11. Expression of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase 2 (ACACB, ACC2)ACACB gene → ACACB
  12. SREBP1A,1C,2 translocates to the nucleusSREBP1A,1C,2:Importin beta-1 → SREBP1A,1C,2:Importin beta-1
  13. Expression of Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (GGPS1)GGPS1 gene → GGPS1
  14. Expression of TM7SF2TM7SF2 gene → TM7SF2
  15. SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP translocates to the GolgiSREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP:Cop II Coat → SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP
  16. Expression of ELOVL6ELOVL6 gene → ELOVL6
  17. Expression of Diphosphomevalonate Decarboxylase (MVD)MVD gene → MVD
  18. Expression of Glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase (GPAM, GPAT)GPAM gene → GPAM(1-828)
  19. Expression of Phosphomevalonate Kinase (PMVK)PMVK gene → PMVK
  20. S1P hydrolyzes SREBP1A,1C,2SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP → SCAP tetramer + 4 SREBF1A,1C,2 cleaved by S1P
  21. Expression of Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN)FASN gene → FASN
  22. Expression of Squalene Monooxygenase (SQLE)SQLE gene → SQLE
  23. Expression of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase 1 (ACACA, ACC1)ACACA gene → ACACA
  24. Expression of Mevalonate Kinase (MVK)MVK gene → MVK
  25. Expression of Lanosterol Demethylase (CYP51A1)CYP51A1 gene → CYP51A1
  26. Expression of Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase (HMGCS1)HMGCS1 gene → HMGCS1
  27. Expression of Acyl-CoA Desaturase (Stearoyl CoA Desaturase, SCD)SCD gene → SCD
  28. Expression of Farnesyldiphosphate Farnesyltransferase (FDFT1, Squalene Synthase)FDFT1 gene → FDFT1
  29. S2P hydrolyzes SREBP1A,1C,2SREBF1A,1C,2 cleaved by S1P → SREBF1A,1C,2 cleaved by S2P
  30. Expression of Lathosterol Oxidase (SC5D, SC5DL)SC5DL gene → SC5D
  31. Squalene is oxidized to its epoxideSQNE + NADPH + H+ + O2 → SQOX + NADP+ + H2O
  32. FDPS dimer transfers IPPP to GPPGPP + IPPP → FAPP + PPi
  33. FDPS dimer transfers IPPP to DMAPPDMAPP + IPPP → GPP + PPi
  34. HMGCS1 condenses Ac-CoA and ACA-CoA to form bHMG-CoAAc-CoA + ACA-CoA + H2O → CoA-SH + bHMG-CoA + H+
  35. HMGCR dimer reduces bHMG-CoA to MVAbHMG-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ → MVA + CoA-SH + 2 NADP+
  36. Squalene 2,3-epoxide cyclizes, forming lanosterolSQOX → LAN
  37. Mevalonate is phosphorylated to mevalonate-5-phosphateMVA + ATP → MVA5P + ADP + H+
  38. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate rearranges to dimethylallyl pyrophosphateIPPP → DMAPP
  39. Reduction of presqualene diphosphate to form squalenePSQPP + H+ + NADPH → SQNE + NADP+ + PPi
  40. Two FAPP molecules dimerize to form presqualene diphosphate2 FAPP → PPi + PSQPP
  41. MVD decarboxylates MVA5PP to IPPPMVA5PP + ATP → IPPP + ADP + Pi
  42. Mevalonate-5-phosphate is further phosphorylatedMVA5P + ATP → MVA5PP + ADP
  43. THCA is translocated from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosolTHCA → THCA
  44. 27-hydroxycholesterol is 7alpha-hydroxylated27HCHOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → Cholest-5-ene-3beta,7alpha,27-triol + H2O + NADP+
  45. Cholesterol is hydroxylated to 25-hydroxycholesterolCHOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → H2O + NADP+ + 25OH-CHOL
  46. CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates 5bCHOL3a,7a,12a-triol5bCHOL3a,7a,12a-triol + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 5bCHOL3a,7a,12a,27-tetrol + H2O + NADP+
  47. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-triol is translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-triol → 5bCHOL3a,7a,12a-triol
  48. 4-cholesten-7alpha-ol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-7alpha-ol-3-one4CHOL7aOLONE + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-7alpha-ol-3-one + NADP+
  49. 5Beta-cholesten-7alpha, 12alpha-diol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-triol5beta-cholesten-7alpha, 12alpha-diol-3-one + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-triol + NADP+
  50. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al5bCHOL3a,7a,12a,27-tetrol + NADP+ → 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al + NADPH + H+
  51. CYP7A1 7-hydroxylates CHOLCHOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → H2O + NADP+ + 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol
  52. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (THCA)3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al + NADPH + H+ + O2 → THCA + NADP+ + H2O
  53. Isomerization of 25(R) THCA-CoA to 25(S) THCA-CoA25(R) THCA-CoA → 25(S) THCA-CoA
  54. CYP46A1 24-hydroxylates CHOLCHOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 24OH-CHOL + NADP+ + H2O
  55. CYP7B1 7-hydroxylates 25OH-CHOL25OH-CHOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → CHOL3b,7a,25TRIOL + H2O + NADP+
  56. 4-cholesten-7alpha, 12alpha-diol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholesten-7alpha, 12alpha-diol-3-one4CHOL7a,12aDONE + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholesten-7alpha, 12alpha-diol-3-one + NADP+
  57. 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol is oxidized and isomerized to 4-cholesten-7alpha-ol-3-one7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol + NAD+ → 4CHOL7aOLONE + NADH + H+
  58. CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates CHOLCHOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 27OH-CHOL + H2O + NADP+
  59. THCA is conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A5 BACS)THCA + ATP + CoA-SH → 25(R) THCA-CoA + AMP + PPi
  60. CYP8B1 12-hydroxylates 4CHOL7aOLONE4CHOL7aOLONE + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 4CHOL7a,12aDONE + NADP+ + H2O
  61. 5beta-cholestan-7alpha-ol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol5beta-cholestan-7alpha-ol-3-one + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha-diol + NADP+
  62. CYP39A1 7-hydroxylates 24OH-CHOL24OH-CHOL + O2 + hydrogen donor → CHOL7a,24(S)DIOL + H2O + hydrogen acceptor + H+
  63. Choloyl CoA reacts with glycine or taurine to form glycocholate or taurocholatecholoyl-CoA + Gly, TAU → cholate bile salts + CoA-SH + H+
  64. Bile salts are translocated from the peroxisomal matrix to the cytosolbile salts → bile salts
  65. 25(R) THCA-CoA is translocated from the cytosol to the peroxisome25(R) THCA-CoA + ATP + H2O → 25(R) THCA-CoA + ADP + H+ + Pi
  66. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA (THCA-CoA) is hydrated to (24R, 25R) 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoATHCA-CoA + H2O → (24R, 25R) 3a,7a,12a,24-tetrahydroxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA
  67. 25(S) THCA-CoA is dehydrogenated to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA (THCA-CoA)25(S) THCA-CoA + O2 → THCA-CoA + H2O2
  68. Thiolysis of 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-one-CoA yields choloyl-CoA (3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-one-CoA) and propionyl CoA3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5b-cholest-24-one-CoA + CoA-SH → choloyl-CoA + propionyl CoA
  69. Pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione isomerizes to progesteronepregn-5-ene-3,20-dione → P4
  70. Oxidation of cholesterol to 22beta-hydroxycholesterolCHOL + NADPH + O2 + H+ → 22b-HCHOL + H2O + NADP+
  71. CYP19A1 hydroxylates ANDST to E1ANDST + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 → 4 H+ + E1 + 3 NADP+ + 4 H2O + HCOOH
  72. HSD17B3-like proteins reducde ANDST to TESTANDST + NADPH + H+ → TEST + NADP+
  73. Oxidation of 22beta-hydroxycholesterol to 20alpha,22beta-hydroxycholesterol22b-HCHOL + NADPH + O2 + H+ → 20a,22b-DHCHOL + H2O + NADP+
  74. CYP17A1 17-hydroxylates PREGPREG + O2 + NADPH + H+ → 17aHPREG + NADP+ + H2O
  75. CYP17A1 cleaves 17aHPREG to DHA17aHPREG + O2 + NADPH + H+ → NADP+ + H2O + CH3CHO + DHEA
  76. CYP17A1 17-hydroxylates P4 to 17aHPROGP4 + O2 + NADPH + H+ → 17aHPROG + H2O + NADP+
  77. HSD2B1 dimer, HSD3B2 dimer isomerise DHA to ANDSTNAD+ + DHEA → ANDST + NADH + H+
  78. Pregnenolone translocates from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosolPREG → PREG
  79. CYP17A1 cleaves 17aHPROG to ANDST17aHPROG + O2 + NADPH + H+ → ANDST + NADP+ + H2O + CH3CHO
  80. CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL20a,22b-DHCHOL + O2 + 2 CYP11A1:FDXR:FDX1,FDX1L (red.) + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ → PREG + ISCAL + 2 H2O + 2 CYP11A1:FDXR:FDX1,FDX1L (ox.) + 2 NADP+
  81. CYP19A1 hydroxylates TEST to EST17bTEST + NADPH + H+ + O2 → EST17b + NADP+ + HCOOH + H2O
  82. ABCB11 transports bile salts from cytosol to extracellular regionbile salts + ATP + H2O → bile salts + ADP + Pi + H+
  83. 25(S) DHCA-CoA is dehydrogenated to 25(S) 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA25(S) DHCA-CoA + O2 → 25(S) 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA + H2O2
  84. Hydrolysis of choloyl-CoA to cholate and CoASHH2O + choloyl-CoA → CCA + CoA-SH + H+
  85. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol is hydroxylated to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 26-triol5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,26-triol + H2O + NADP+
  86. Cholate is translocated from the peroxisomal matrix to the cytosolCCA → CCA
  87. THCA is conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A2 VLCS)THCA + ATP + CoA-SH → 25(R) THCA-CoA + AMP + PPi
  88. DHCA is conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A5 BACS)ATP + CoA-SH + DHCA → 25(R) DHCA-CoA + AMP + PPi
  89. DHCA is conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A2 VLCS)DHCA + ATP + CoA-SH → 25(R) DHCA-CoA + AMP + PPi
  90. Isomerization of 25(R) DHCA-CoA to 25(S) DHCA-CoA25(R) DHCA-CoA → 25(S) DHCA-CoA
  91. (24R, 25R) 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-one-CoA(24R, 25R) 3a,7a,12a,24-tetrahydroxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA + NAD+ → 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5b-cholest-24-one-CoA + NADH + H+
  92. 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al is oxidized to 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (DHCA)3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al + NADPH + H+ + O2 → DHCA + NADP+ + H2O
  93. 25(R) DHCA-CoA is translocated from the cytosol to the peroxisome25(R) DHCA-CoA + ATP + H2O → 25(R) DHCA-CoA + ADP + Pi + H+
  94. Chenodeoxycholoyl CoA reacts with glycine or taurine to form glycochenodeoxycholate or taurochenodeoxycholatechenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + Gly, TAU → CoA-SH + chenodeoxycholate bile salts + H+
  95. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 26-triol is oxidized to 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,26-triol + NADP+ → 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al + H+ + NADPH
  96. (24R, 25R) 3alpha,7alpha,24-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-one-CoA3,7,24THCA-CoA + NAD+ → 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholest-24-one-CoA + NADH + H+
  97. DHCA is translocated from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosolDHCA → DHCA
  98. Thiolysis of 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-one-CoA yields chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA (3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-one-CoA) and propionyl CoA3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholest-24-one-CoA + CoA-SH → chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + propionyl CoA
  99. 25(S) 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA is hydrated to (24R, 25R) 3alpha,7alpha,24-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA25(S) 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA + H2O → 3,7,24THCA-CoA
  100. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol is translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha-diol → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol
  101. 3,7,24THCA is conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A5 BACS)3,7,24THCA + ATP + CoA-SH → 3,7,24THCA-CoA + AMP + PPi + H2O
  102. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-triol is translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-triol → 5β-CHOL3α,7α,24(s)-triol
  103. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S),27-tetrol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al5bCHOL3a,7a,24(s),27-tetrol + O2 + NADPH + H+ → 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al + H2O + NADP+
  104. Isomerization of 3,7,24THCA-CoA to (24R, 25R) 3alpha,7alpha,24-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA3,7,24THCA-CoA → 3,7,24THCA-CoA
  105. 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (3,7,24THCA)3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 3,7,24THCA + NADP+ + H2O
  106. 3,7,24THCA is conjugated with Coenzyme A (SLC27A2 VLCS)3,7,24THCA + ATP + CoA-SH → 3,7,24THCA-CoA + AMP + PPi + H2O
  107. 4-cholesten-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one4CHOL7a,24(S)DONE + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one + NADP+
  108. 3,7,24THCA-CoA is translocated from the cytosol to the peroxisome3,7,24THCA-CoA + ATP + H2O → 3,7,24THCA-CoA + ADP + H+ + Pi
  109. 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-triol5beta-cholestan-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-triol + NADP+
  110. Influx of 24-hydroxycholesterol24OH-CHOL → 24OH-CHOL
  111. Efflux of 24-hydroxycholesterol24OH-CHOL → 24OH-CHOL
  112. 3,7,24THCA is translocated from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol3,7,24THCA → 3,7,24THCA
  113. Cholest-5-ene-3beta,7alpha,24(S)-triol is oxidized and isomerized to 4-cholesten-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-oneCHOL7a,24(S)DIOL + NAD+ → 4CHOL7a,24(S)DONE + NADH + H+
  114. CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates 5β-CHOL3α,7α,24(s)-triol5β-CHOL3α,7α,24(s)-triol + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 5bCHOL3a,7a,24(s),27-tetrol + H2O + NADP+
  115. 5Beta-cholestan-7alpha,12alpha,27-triol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol5beta-cholestan-7alpha,12alpha,27-triol-3-one + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol + NADP+
  116. Influx of 27-hydroxycholesterol27OH-CHOL → 27HCHOL
  117. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,27-triol is translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,26-triol → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,26-triol
  118. Efflux of 27-hydroxycholesterol27OH-CHOL → 27OH-CHOL
  119. Cholest-5-ene-3beta,7alpha,27-triol is oxidized and isomerized to 4-cholesten-7alpha,27-diol-3-oneCholest-5-ene-3beta,7alpha,27-triol + NAD+ → 4CHOL7a,27DONE + NADH + H+
  120. 4-cholesten-7alpha,12alpha,27-triol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,12alpha,27-triol-3-one4CHOL7a,12a,27TONE + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,12alpha,27-triol-3-one + NADP+
  121. 4-cholesten-7alpha,27-diol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,27-diol-3-one4CHOL7a,27DONE + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,27-diol-3-one + NADP+
  122. 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol is translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol → 5bCHOL3a,7a,12a,27-tetrol
  123. 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,27-diol-3-one is reduced to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,27-triol5beta-cholestan-7alpha,27-diol-3-one + NADPH + H+ → 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,26-triol + NADP+
  124. CYP8B1 12-hydroxylates 4CHOL7a,27DONE4CHOL7a,27DONE + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 4CHOL7a,12a,27TONE + NADP+ + H2O
  125. Pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione-17-ol isomerizes to 17-hydroxyprogesteronepregn-5-ene-3,20-dione-17-ol → 17aHPROG
  126. CYP21A2 21-hydroxylates PROGP4 + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 11DCORST + NADP+ + H2O
  127. CYP11B2 oxidises 18HCORST to ALDO18HCORST + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 → ALDO + 2 NADP+ + 2 H2O
  128. CYP21A2 oxidises 17HPROG17aHPROG + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 11-deoxycortisol + NADP+ + H2O
  129. CYP11B2 18-hydroxylates CORST to 18HCORSTCORST + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 → 18HCORST + 2 NADP+ + H2O
  130. 11DCORST translocates from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix11DCORST → 11DCORST
  131. CYP11B1 oxidises 11DCORT11DCORT + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 → CORT + 2 NADP+ + H2O
  132. CYP11B2 oxidises 11DCORST to CORST11DCORST + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 → CORST + H2O + 2 NADP+
  133. HSD11B2,HSD11B1 dimer oxidise CORT to CORCORT + NADP+ → COR + H+ + NADPH
  134. 11-deoxycortisol translocates to the mitochondrion11-deoxycortisol → 11DCORT
  135. Cortisol translocates from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosolCORT → CORT
  136. SLCO1B3 transports ALB:(GCCA, TCCA) from extracellular region to cytosolGCCA, TCCA → GCCA, TCCA
  137. SLCO1B1 transports ALB:(GCCA,TCCA) from extracellular region to cytosolGCCA, TCCA → GCCA, TCCA
  138. SLC10A1 co-transport bile salts and Na+ from extracellular region to cytosol2 Na+ + bile salts and acids → 2 Na+ + bile salts and acids
  139. Transport (influx) of bile salts and acids by OATP-Abile salts and acids → bile salts and acids
  140. ABCC3 transports bile salts from cytosol to extracellular regionbile salts and acids + ATP → ADP + Pi + bile salts and acids
  141. SLC10A2 transports bile salts and acids and Na+ from extracellular region to cytosolNa+ + bile salts and acids → bile salts and acids + Na+
  142. Zymosterone (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one) is reduced to zymosterol (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol)ZYMONE + NADPH + H+ → ZYMOL + NADP+
  143. 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is oxidized to 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol3 H+ + 3 NADPH + 3 O2 + 14DMLANOL → 4C4MZYMOL + 4 H2O + 3 NADP+
  144. 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is decarboxylated and oxidized to form 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one4C4MZYMOL + NADP+ → dh4MZYMOL + H+ + CO2 + NADPH
  145. 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is oxidized to 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol4MZYMOL + 3 H+ + 3 NADPH + 3 O2 → 4CZYMOL + 4 H2O + 3 NADP+
  146. 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol is reduced to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol [LBR]4,4DMCHtOL + NADPH + H+ → 14DMLANOL + NADP+
  147. CYP51A1 demethylates LANLAN + 3 H+ + 3 NADPH + 3 O2 → 4,4DMCHtOL + HCOOH + 4 H2O + 3 NADP+
  148. 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one is reduced to 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-oldh4MZYMOL + NADPH + H+ → 4MZYMOL + NADP+
  149. 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol is reduced to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol [TM7SF2]4,4DMCHtOL + NADPH + H+ → 14DMLANOL + NADP+
  150. 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is decarboxylated and oxidized to form cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one (zymosterone)4CZYMOL + NAD+ → ZYMONE + CO2 + H+ + NADH
  151. Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is desaturated to form cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-olCHdOL + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 7dhDESOL + NADP+ + 2 H2O
  152. Zymosterol is isomerized to cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-olZYMOL → CHdOL
  153. Reduction of isocaproaldehyde to 4-methylpentan-1-olH+ + ISCAL + NADPH → MePeOH + NADP+
  154. Translocation of isocaproaldehyde from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosolISCAL → ISCAL
  155. STAR mediates CHOL translocation from cytosol to mitochondrial intermembrane spaceSTARD3:STARD3NL, STARD4,6:CHOL → STARD3:STARD3NL, STARD4,6 + CHOL
  156. Pregnenolone is dehydrogenated to form pregn-5-ene-3,20-dionePREG + NAD+ → pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione + NADH + H+
  157. 17-Hydroxypregnenolone is dehydrogenated to form pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione-17-ol17aHPREG + NAD+ → pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione-17-ol + NADH + H+
  158. Cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol is reduced to desmosterol7dhDESOL + NADPH + H+ → DESMOL + NADP+
  159. Reduction of desmosterol to cholesterolDESMOL + NADPH + H+ → CHOL + NADP+
  160. SREBP1A,1C,2:Importin beta-1 dissociatesSREBP1A,1C,2:Importin beta-1 + RAN:GTP → SREBP1A,1C,2 dimer + Importin-beta:Ran GTP complex
  161. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds SREBP1A,1C,2 forming dimers2 SREBF1A,1C,2 cleaved by S2P → SREBP1A,1C,2 dimer
  162. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds Importin beta-1SREBP1A,1C,2 dimer + KPNB1 → SREBP1A,1C,2:Importin beta-1
  163. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds the TM7SF2 promoterNF-Y + TM7SF2 gene + SREBP1A,1C,2 dimer → SREBP1A,1C,2:NF-Y:TM7SF2 gene
  164. VD3 binds GCGC + VD3 → GC:VD3
  165. Photolytic cleavage and thermal isomerization of 7-dehydroCHOL7-dehydroCHOL → VD3
  166. Endocytic translocation of CUBN:GC:25(OH)D to lysosomal lumenCUBN:GC:25(OH)D → CUBN:GC:25(OH)D
  167. CYP24A1 hydroxylates 1,25(OH)2D, inactivating it1,25(OH)2D + NADPH + H+ + O2 → CTA + NADP+ + H2O
  168. 25(OH)D translocates from lysosomal lumen to cytosol25(OH)D → 25(OH)D
  169. CYP2R1 25-hydroxylates VD3 to 25(OH)DVD3 + O2 + H+ + NADPH → 25(OH)D + H2O + NADP+
  170. CYP27B1 hydroxylates 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)2D25(OH)D + H+ + NADPH + O2 → 1,25(OH)2D + H2O + NADP+
  171. 25(OH)D binds GC25(OH)D + GC → GC:25(OH)D
  172. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds SCAP:cholesterol:INSIG and is retained in the endoplasmic reticulumSREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP + 4 INSIG + 4 CHOL → SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP:cholesterol:INSIG
  173. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds SCAP:INSIG:oxysterol and is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum4 INSIG:oxysterol + SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP → SREBP1A,1C,2:SCAP:INSIG:oxysterol
  174. SREBP1A,2 binds the MVD promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + MVD gene → SREBP1A,2:MVD gene
  175. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds the FDFT1 promoterSREBP1A,1C,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + FDFT1 gene → SREBP1A,1C,2:NF-Y:SP1:FDFT1 gene
  176. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds the FDPS promoterSREBP1A,1C,2 dimer + NF-Y + FDPS gene → SREBP1A,1C,2:NF-Y:FDPS gene
  177. SREBP1A,1C binds the FASN promoterSREBP1A,1C dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + FASN gene → SREBP1A,1C:NF-Y:SP1:FASN gene
  178. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds the ELOVL6 promoterSREBP1A,1C,2 dimer + ELOVL6 gene → SREBP1A,1C,2:ELOVL6 gene
  179. SREBP1A,1C,2 binds the HMGCS1 promoterSREBP1A,1C,2 dimer + NF-Y + HMGCS1 gene → SREBP1A,1C,2:NF-Y:HMGCS1 gene
  180. SREBP1A,2 binds the SQLE promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + SQLE gene + NF-Y → SREBP1A,2:SQLE gene
  181. SREBP1A,2 binds the IDI1 promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + IDI1 gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:IDI1 gene
  182. SREBP1A,1C binds the ACACB promoterSREBP1A,1C dimer + ACACB gene + SP1 → SREBP1A,1C:ACACB gene
  183. SREBP1A,2 binds the LSS promoterLSS gene + SREBP1A,2 dimer → SREBP1A,2:LSS gene
  184. SREBP1A,2 binds the DHCR7 promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + DHCR7 gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:DHCR7 gene
  185. SREBP1A,2 binds the PMVK promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + PMVK gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:PMVK gene
  186. SREBP1A,2 binds the MVK promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + MVK gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:MVK gene
  187. SREBP1A,1C binds the GPAM promoterSREBP1A,1C dimer + GPAM gene + NF-Y → SREBP1A,1C:NF-Y:GPAM gene
  188. SREBP1A,1C binds the ACACA promoterSREBP1A,1C dimer + ACACA gene → SREBP1A,1C:ACACA gene
  189. SREBP1A,2 binds the GGPS1 promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + GGPS1 gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:GGPS1 gene
  190. SREBP1A,2 binds the HMGCR promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + HMGCR gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:HMGCR gene
  191. SREBP1A,2 binds the CYP51A1 promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SP1 + CYP51A1 gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:CYP51A1 gene
  192. SREBP1A,2 binds the SC5DL promoterSREBP1A,2 dimer + NF-Y + SC5DL gene → SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SC5DL gene
  193. VD3 translocates from extracellular region to ER membraneVD3 → VD3
  194. LGMN hydrolyzes GC, releasing CUBN and 25(OH)DCUBN:GC:25(OH)D → CUBN + 25(OH)D
  195. LRP2-mediated uptake of extracellular CUBN:GC:25(OH)DCUBN:GC:25(OH)D → CUBN:GC:25(OH)D
  196. CUBN binds GC:25(OH)DGC:25(OH)D + CUBN → CUBN:GC:25(OH)D
  197. PIAS4 SUMOylates VDR with SUMO2VDR + 2 SUMO2:UBE2I → polySUMO2-VDR + 2 UBE2I
  198. SRD5A1 dehydrogenates TEST to DHTESTTEST + NADPH + H+ → DHTEST + NADP+
  199. ARV1 transports CHOL from ER membrane to plasma membraneCHOL → CHOL
  200. NR1H4 binds DCA, CDCA, LCHADCA,CDCA,LCHA + NR1H4 → NR1H4:DCA,CDCA,LCHA
  201. NR1H4:DCA,CDCA,LCHA binds RXRA and NCOA1,2NR1H4:DCA,CDCA,LCHA + NCOA1,NCOA2,RXRA → NCOA1,2:RXRA:NR1H4:DCA,CDCA,LCHA
  202. HSD17B11 dehydrogenates EST17b to E1EST17b + NADP+ → E1 + H+ + NADPH
  203. AKR1B15 reduces EST17b to E1EST17b + NADP+ → E1 + NADPH + H+
  204. SREBP1A,1C binds the SCD geneSCD gene + SREBP1A,1C dimer → SREBP1A,1C:SCD gene
  205. EBP isomerizes ZYMSTNL to LTHSOLZYMSTNL → LTHSOL
  206. SC5D desaturates LTHSOL to 7-dehydroCHOLLTHSOL + 2 H+ + O2 + 2 CYP450:Fe2+ → 7-dehydroCHOL + 2 H2O + 2 CYP450:Fe3+
  207. DHCR7 reduces 7-dehydroCHOL to CHOL7-dehydroCHOL + NADPH + H+ → CHOL + NADP+
  208. DHCR24 reduces ZYMOL to ZYMSTNLZYMOL + NADPH + H+ → ZYMSTNL + NADP+
  209. 25(OH)D translocates from ER membrane to extracellular region25(OH)D → 25(OH)D
  210. HSD17B14 tetramer oxidises estradiol (EST17b) to estrone (E1)NADP+ + EST17b → E1 + NADPH + H+
  211. HSD17B1 hydrogenates E1 to EST17bE1 + H+ + NADPH → EST17b + NADP+
  212. ACAT2 condenses 2 Ac-CoA to form ACA-CoA2 Ac-CoA → ACA-CoA + CoA-SH + H2O
  213. HSD17B2 oxidises estradiol (EST17b) to estrone (E1)NADP+ + EST17b → E1 + NADPH + H+
  214. OSBPs transport 25OH-CHOL from ER membrane to plasma membrane25OH-CHOL → 25OH-CHOL
  215. OSBP exchanges 25OH-CHOL with PI4P from ER membrane to Golgi membrane25OH-CHOL + PI4P → 25OH-CHOL + PI4P
  216. STARD5 binds DCA, LCASTARD5 + DCA, LCA → STARD5:DCA/LCA
  217. TSPO:BZRAP1 transports CHOL from outer mitochondrial membrane to inner mitochondrial membraneCHOL → CHOL
  218. Phospholipid phosphatase 6 hydrolyses Presqualene diphosphate to presqualene monophosphatePSQPP + H2O → PSMP + Pi + H+
  219. VD3 dissociates from GCGC:VD3 → GC + VD3
  220. VD3 translocates from ER membrane to extracellular regionVD3 → VD3
  221. 1,25(OH)2D translocates from cytosol to nucleoplasm1,25(OH)2D → 1,25(OH)2D
  222. 1,25(OH)2D binds VDR1,25(OH)2D + VDR → 1,25(OH)2D:VDR
  223. VDR agonists bind VDRVDR + VDR agonists → VDR:VDR agonists
  224. HMGCR dimer binds statinsHMGCR dimer + statins → HMGCR dimer:statins
  225. SRD5A2 dehydrogenates TEST to DHTESTTEST + NADPH + H+ → DHTEST + NADP+
  226. SRD5A3 dehydrogenates TEST to DHTESTTEST + NADPH + H+ → DHTEST + NADP+
  227. SRD5A2 binds SRD5A2 inhibitorsSRD5A2 + SRD5A2 inhibitors → SRD5A2:SRD5A2 inhibitors
  228. CYP19A1 binds Aromatase inhibitorsCYP19A1 + Aromatase inhibitors → CYP19A1:Aromatase inhibitors
  229. GGPS1 hexamer transfers IPPP to GPPGPP + IPPP → FAPP + PPi
  230. GGPS1 hexamer transfers IPPP to DMAPPDMAPP + IPPP → GPP + PPi
  231. holo-FDPS dimer binds NBPsholo-FDPS dimer + NBPs → holo-FDPS dimer:NBPs
  232. Bile salts and acids bind ALBALB + bile salts and acids → ALB:bile salts and acids
  233. Bile salts and acids dissociate from ALBALB:bile salts and acids → ALB + bile salts and acids
  234. SLC51A:SLC51B transports bile salts from cytosol to extracellular regionbile salts and acids → bile salts and acids
  235. Bile salts dissociate from FABP6bile salts and acids:FABP6 → bile salts and acids + FABP6
  236. Bile salts bind FABP6bile salts and acids + FABP6 → bile salts and acids:FABP6
  237. DHCR24 reduces LAN to 24,25-dhLANLAN + NADPH + H+ → NADP+ + 24,25-dhLAN
  238. HSD17B7 reduces 4a-methyl-5a-cholest-8-en-3-one to 4a-methyl-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol4a-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3-one + H+ + NADPH → 4a-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol + NADP+
  239. NSDHL decarboxylates 4a-carboxy-5a-cholest-8-ene-3b-ol to 5a-cholest-8-en-3-one4a-carboxy-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol + NADP+ → 5a-cholest-8-en-3-one + CO2 + NADPH
  240. HSD17B7 reduces 5a-cholest-8-en-3-one to ZYMSTNL5a-cholest-8-en-3-one + H+ + NADPH → NADP+ + ZYMSTNL
  241. NSDHL decarboxylates 4a-carboxy-4b-methyl-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol to 4a-methyl-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol4a-carboxy-4b-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol + NADP+ → 4a-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3-one + CO2 + NADPH
  242. TM7SF2 reduces 4,4-diMeCholesta-8,14-dien-3-ol to 4,4-diMe5-cholest-8-en-3-ol4,4-diMe-8,14-cholestadien-3b-ol + H+ + NADPH → 4,4-diMe-5-cholest-8-en-3-ol + NADP+
  243. CYP51A1 14-demethylates 24,25-dhLAN to 4,4-diMeCholesta-8,14-dien-3-ol24,25-dhLAN + 3 CYP450:Fe2+ + 3 O2 → 4,4-diMe-8,14-cholestadien-3b-ol + HCOOH + 3 CYP450:Fe3+ + 4 H+ + 4 H2O
  244. MSMO1 oxidizes 4,4-diMe-5-cholest-8-en-3-ol to 4a-carboxy-4b-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol4,4-diMe-5-cholest-8-en-3-ol + 6 CYP450:Fe2+ + 5 H+ + 3 O2 → 4a-carboxy-4b-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol + 6 CYP450:Fe3+ + 4 H2O
  245. MSMO1 oxidizes 4a-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol to 4a-carboxy-5a-cholest-8-ene-3b-ol4a-me-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol + 6 CYP450:Fe2+ + 5 H+ + 3 O2 → 4a-carboxy-5a-cholest-8-en-3b-ol + 6 CYP450:Fe3+ + 4 H2O