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DraconiticBiochemistryBiomolecules · Catabolism · Biosynthesis · MetabolismMap
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Phase II conjugation

Transfer of polar groups that changes the handling and elimination of many compounds. 72 reactions, from Reactome R-HSA-156580.

  1. CNDP2:2Mn2+ dimer hydrolyses CysGlyCysGly + H2O → L-Cys + Gly
  2. GSH translocates from cytosol to extracellular regionGSH → GSH
  3. GGCT transforms gGluCys to OPROgGluCys → L-Cys + OPRO
  4. OPLAH hydrolyses OPRO to L-GluATP + 2 H2O + OPRO → ADP + L-Glu + Pi
  5. CysGly translocates from extracellular region to cytosolCysGly → CysGly
  6. SULT1A1 dimer sulfonates PARA to PARA-SO4PAPS + APAP → PARA-SO4 + PAP
  7. TPMT transfers CH3 from AdoMet to 6MP6MP + AdoMet → 6MMP + AdoHcy + H+
  8. The acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to NAT2NAT2 + Ac-CoA → AcC-NAT2 + CoA-SH
  9. Phenol can form a sulfate conjugatePhOH + PAPS → Phenyl sulfate + PAP
  10. SULT1A1 dimer sulfonates NHABPNHABP + PAPS → NHABP-SO4 + PAP
  11. UGT1A4 transfers GlcA from UDP-GlcA to BMG to form BDGBMG + UDP-GlcA → BDG + UDP
  12. UGT1A4 transfers GlcA from UDP-GlcA to BIL to form BMGBIL + UDP-GlcA → BMG + UDP
  13. SULT1A3,4 dimers sulfate DA to DAOSDA + PAPS → DAOS + PAP
  14. benzoate + Coenzyme A + ATP => benzoyl-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphateBENZA + ATP + CoA-SH → BEZ-CoA + AMP + PPi
  15. benzoyl-CoA + glycine => benzoyl glycine (hippuric acid) + Coenzyme ABEZ-CoA + Gly → HIPA + CoA-SH
  16. ACSM2B-like proteins transform ST to ST-CoAST + ATP + CoA-SH → ST-CoA + AMP + PPi
  17. GLYAT-like proteins transfer glycine to ST-CoA to form SUAST-CoA + Gly → SUA + CoA-SH
  18. UDP-glucose is oxidised to UDP-glucuronateUDP-Glc + 2 NAD+ + H2O → UDP-GlcA + 2 NADH + 3 H+
  19. GCL ligates L-Glu to L-CysL-Glu + L-Cys + ATP → gGluCys + ADP + Pi
  20. SLC35D1 hexamer transports UDP-GlcA, UDP-GlcNAc from cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum lumenUDP-GlcA + UDP-GlcNAc → UDP-GlcA + UDP-GlcNAc
  21. MTR transfers CH3 from MeCbl to HCYSMTRR:MTR:MeCbl + HCYS → MTRR:MTR:cob(I)alamin + L-Met
  22. MAT1A multimers transfer Ado from ATP to L-MetATP + L-Met + H2O → AdoMet + Pi + PPi
  23. GSS:Mg2+ dimer synthesizes GSHgGluCys + Gly + ATP → GSH + ADP + Pi
  24. AHCY:NAD+ tetramer hydrolyses AdoHcyAdoHcy + H2O → HCYS + Ade-Rib
  25. Formation of N-glucuronidesUDP-GlcA + N-centre functional group substrate → UDP + N-glucuronide
  26. UGTs transfer GlcA from UDP-GlcA to O-centre substratesO-centre functional group substrate + UDP-GlcA → O-glucuronide + UDP
  27. The acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to NAT1NAT1 + Ac-CoA → AcC-NAT1 + CoA-SH
  28. NAT1 acetylationNAT1 substrate + AcC-NAT1 → NAT1 acetylated conjugate + NAT1
  29. NAT2 acetylationNAT2 substrate + AcC-NAT2 → NAT2 acetylated conjugate + NAT2
  30. TMT transfers CH3 from AdoMet to BMEBME + AdoMet → MMETOH + AdoHcy
  31. COMT transfer CH3 from AdoMet to 3,4DHBNZ3,4DHBNZ + AdoMet → AdoHcy + 3H,4MBNZ
  32. NNMT transfers CH3 from AdoMet to PYPY + AdoMet → AdoHcy + MP+
  33. GST dimers conjugate GSH with cytosolic substratesGSH + Electrophilic substrate → electrophilic substrate:SG
  34. GST trimers transfer GS from GSH to luminal substrateselectrophilic substrate + GSH → electrophilic substrate:SG
  35. 3,3'-diiodothyronine + PAPS => 3,3'-diiodothyronine 4-sulfate + PAP3,3'-diiodothyronine + PAPS → 3,3'-diiodothyronine 4-sulfate + PAP
  36. SULTs transfer (SO4)2- group to 27HCHOL27HCHOL + PAPS → 27HCHOL3S + PAP
  37. SULTs transfer (SO4)2- group to PREGPREG + PAPS → PREGS + PAP
  38. beta-estradiol + PAPS => beta-estradiol 3-sulfate + PAPPAPS + EST17b → PAP + E2-SO4
  39. 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine + PAPS => 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine 4-sulfate + PAPT3 + PAPS → 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine 4-sulfate + PAP
  40. lithocholate + PAPS => lithocholate sulfate + PAPPAPS + LCA → PAP + lithocholate sulfate
  41. taurolithocholate + PAPS => taurolithocholate sulfate + PAPPAPS + taurolithocholate → PAP + taurolithocholate sulfate
  42. Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate (PAP) + H2O => AMP + orthophosphatePAP + H2O → AMP + Pi
  43. cholesterol + PAPS => cholesterol sulfate + PAPPAPS + CHOL → PAP + cholesterol sulfate
  44. dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) + PAPS => DHEA sulfate + PAPPAPS + DHEA → PAP + DHEA-SO4
  45. p-nitrophenol + PAPS => p-nitrophenol sulfate + PAPPAPS + PNP → PAP + p-nitrophenol sulfate
  46. estrone + PAPS => estrone 3-sulfate + PAPPAPS + E1 → PAP + E1S
  47. N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene + PAPS => 2-acetylaminofluorene-N-sulfate + PAPN-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene + PAPS → AAF-N-S + PAP
  48. phenylacetate + Coenzyme A + ATP => phenylacetyl-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphatephenylacetate + ATP + CoA-SH → phenylacetyl-CoA + AMP + PPi
  49. phenylacetyl-CoA + glutamine => phenylacetyl glutamine + Coenzyme Aphenylacetyl-CoA + L-Gln → phenylacetyl glutamine + CoA-SH
  50. GSTK1 dimer transfers GS from GSH to CDNBCDNB + GSH → DNPSG + HCl
  51. MAT2B:MAT2A:K+:2Mg2+ transfers Ado from ATP to L-MetATP + L-Met + H2O → AdoMet + Pi + PPi
  52. AKR1A1 oxidises BaPtDHD to BaP-7,8-dioneBaPtDHD + NADP+ → NADPH + BaP-7,8-dione
  53. ESD dimer hydrolyses S-FGSH to GSHS-FGSH + H2O → GSH + formate
  54. ABHD10 hydrolyses MPAGAMPAG + H2O → MPA + GlcA
  55. ABHD14B hydrolyses PNPBPNPB + H2O → PNP + BUT
  56. AS3MT transfers CH3 from AdoMet to methylarsonitemethylarsonite + AdoMet → dimethylarsinate + AdoHcy
  57. AS3MT transfers CH3 from AdoMet to arsenite(3-)arsenite(3-) + AdoMet → methylarsonate + AdoHcy
  58. GSTO1 dimer reduces methylarsonate to methylarsonitemethylarsonate + 2 GSH → methylarsonite + GSSG + H2O
  59. CHAC1,2 cleaves GSH to OPRO and CysGlyGSH → OPRO + CysGly
  60. N6AMT1:TRMT112 transfers CH3 group from AdoMet to MMAIIIMMAIII + AdoMet → DMAA + AdoHcy
  61. UTP + D-glucose 1-phosphate => pyrophosphate + UDP-glucoseUTP + G1P + H+ → PPi + UDP-Glc
  62. CYP1A2 S-demethylates 6MMP6MMP + NADPH + H+ + O2 → 6MP + H2O + CH2O + NADP+
  63. UXS1 tetramer decarboxylates UDP-glucuronate to UDP-xyloseUDP-GlcA + H+ → UDP-Xyl + CO2
  64. UGT1A10 transfers GlcA from UDP-GlcA to GCTNGCTN + UDP-GlcA → GCTN4OG + UDP
  65. GGT dimers hydrolyse GSHGSH + H2O → CysGly + L-Glu
  66. IMPAD1 hydrolyses PAP to AMPPAP + H2O → adenosine 5'-monophosphate + Pi
  67. TPST1,2 transfer SO4(2-) from PAPS to PODXL2PODXL2 + 2 PAPS → OSulf-Y97,118-PODXL2 + 2 PAP
  68. UGT1A1 tetramer transfers GlcA from UDP-GlcA to BMG to form BDGBMG + UDP-GlcA → BDG + UDP
  69. UGT1A1 transfers GlcA from UDP-GlcA to BIL to form BMGBIL + UDP-GlcA → BMG + UDP
  70. SLC35D2 exchanges UDP-GlcA for UMPUDP-GlcA + UMP → UDP-GlcA + UMP
  71. GLYAT-like proteins transfer glycine to phenylacetyl-CoAGly + phenylacetyl-CoA → CoA-SH + phenylacetyl-Gly + H+
  72. GLYAT-like proteins transfer glycine to aminobenzoyl-CoAGly + PABA-CoA → CoA-SH + PAH + H+