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Gluconeogenesis
Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon with compartment-specific bypasses of strongly directed glycolytic steps. 17 reactions, from Reactome R-HSA-70263.
- Efflux of Glc from the endoplasmic reticulumGlc → Glc
- SLC7A4 exchanges G6P for Pi across the ER membraneG6P + Pi → G6P + Pi
- SLC37A1, SLC37A2 exchange G6P for Pi across the ER membraneG6P + Pi → G6P + Pi
- G6PC3 hydrolyzes G6P to form Glc and Pi (ubiquitous)G6P + H2O → Pi + Glc
- G6PC2 hydrolyzes G6P to form Glc and Pi (islet)G6P + H2O → Pi + Glc
- PCK2 phosphorylates OA to yield PEPOA + GTP → PEP + CO2 + GDP
- PCK1 phosphorylates OA to yield PEPOA + GTP → PEP + CO2 + GDP
- GPI dimer isomerizes Fru(6)P to G6PFru(6)P → G6P
- FBP tetramers hydrolyze F1,6PP to Fru(6)PH2O + F1,6PP → Fru(6)P + Pi
- TPI1 dimer isomerizes GA3P to DHAPGA3P → DHAP
- GAPDH tetramers reduce 1,3BPG to GA3P1,3BPG + NADH + H+ → GA3P + Pi + NAD+
- PGK complexes (PGK1,2) phosphorylate 3PG to form 1,3BPGATP + 3PG → ADP + 1,3BPG
- Enolase dimers (ENO1,2,3) convert PEP to 2PGPEP + H2O → 2PG
- PC carboxylates PYR to OAATP + PYR + HCO3- → ADP + Pi + OA + H+
- PGAM dimers isomerise 2PG to 3PG2PG → 3PG
- Aldolase tetramers convert GA3P and DHAP to F1,6PPDHAP + GA3P → F1,6PP
- G6PC hydrolyzes G6P to Glc and Pi (liver)G6P + H2O → Pi + Glc