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Human metabolism

Reactome's human metabolism drawn as one network. Each molecule has one home node; widely shared molecules also appear as dashed copies in other territories, linked from their details. .

Territories

Select a territory to bring it forward.

Reading the map

Metabolite; its structure appears as you zoom in
Reaction, arrow toward the product
Cofactors and co-substrates are written beside the reaction when you zoom in
Dashed ring: a copy of a widely shared molecule or cofactor in another territory or pathway
Compartment transfer of the molecule it is linked to
Binding, release or complex event; its proteins are named in its details
Outline: reactions mostly in the mitochondrion

Arrows follow Reactome's curated reaction direction.

Ascorbate can reduce the BH3 radical back to BH4

BH3. + AscH- → BH4 + Asc.-

Reactome: R-HSA-1497855
Compartment: cytosol
Rhea: None recorded

Inputs

BH3.CHEBI:62772, C9H15N5O3, cytosol
AscH-CHEBI:38290, C6H7O6, cytosol

Outputs

BH4CHEBI:59560, C9H15N5O3, cytosol
Asc.-CHEBI:59513, C6H6O6, cytosol

Literature

Effect of vitamin C on the availability of tetrahydrobiopterin in human endothelial cells J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 2001
Interactions of peroxynitrite, tetrahydrobiopterin, ascorbic acid, and thiols: implications for uncoupling endothelial nitric-oxide synthase J Biol Chem, 2003
Oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin by biological radicals and scavenging of the trihydrobiopterin radical by ascorbate Free Radic Biol Med, 2002